Improvement in machines for shaving round hoops



Z ,Sharm-Shree'c1.v G. Bi SELD-EN.

MACHINES FOR SHAVING RD'UND I'IOPS. No.175,174. Patented March 21,1876.

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G. B. SELDEN. MACHINES Fon sHAvING ROUND HooPs.

Patented Marcl 21,1876.

VENTI] IQ? R3, 5MM.

Wl H5555 UNITED N *STATES PATENT OFFICE GEORGE B. SEL'DEN, OF ROCHESTER,NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FORSHAVING ROUND HOOPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 175,174, dated March21, 1876; application liled February 15, 1875.

To all whom t'may concern: v

Be it knownthat I, GEORGE B. SELDEN, of the city of Rochester, in theState of New York, have invented an Improvement in Machines for ShavingRound Hoops, of -whichl the following is a specication:

This invention relates to an improved machine for shaving half-,roundhoops; and it consists, in substance, in the application of two rotarycutter-heads to shaving splints made from poles, by the first of whichthe stock is reduced to substantial parallelism with the bark, and bythesecondof which any irregularities produced bythe action ofthe lirstcutter are removed. It also consists in automatic devices for taperingand lapping the hoops, in the application to the Vmachine of a rotarybrush for cleaning 4the bark, and in devices for so presenting splintsof different cross-sections to the cutters 'that they will be shaved onthe proper line.

Figure 1 is a plan view, and Fig. 2 an elevation, of a machine embodyingmy invention. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 represent details.

A A is the frame of the machine, and E the driving-shaft, from whichmotion is transmitted to the various workin g parts. The splints are fedthrough the machine, as represented by the dotted line a', Fig. 1, bythe feed-rollers l 2, 3 4, 5 6,'and 7 8. These rollers are carried byvertical shafts, and mot-ion is transmitted to them from the bevelgear9, Fig. 2,

lby means of a train of gears beneath the lower plate of the machine,represented by dotted lines y, Fig. 2. Rollers v1, 5, and 7 revolve iustationary boxes, and the shafts of their corresponding rolls 2, 6, and8, are provided with universal joints z, Fig. 2, and held up to theirwork by springs 10, 11, and 12. The shafts of rolls 3 and 4 are each ofthem provided with universal joints, so that the rolls, which areclamped together by a spring bef neath the top plate H, may travelacross the line of feed. The roll 7 is driven from the shaft of roll 8by a gear, 22, Fig. 2, or by4 finger-gear placed above the rolls.

The splints are usually fed point or small end rst, and, in theirpassage through the'l runnin g under the corner pulley F. The frame b ispivoted near its lower end opposite the center of the pulley on theshaft @,aud its upper end is free to travel to and from the line of feedin an opening in the top plate H.

`A`springattached to the frame b, presses the head B toward the stock,and the head is controlled in its operation on the stock by the tworests o and d, one before and one after the head. The forward rest c isa roller and the after rest d prevents the knivesof the head B fromcoming in contact with the bark. The

two rests c and d are attached to a frame or box, which swivels freelyabout the head B and causesit to adjust itself to the curves of lthestock passing by it. By adjusting the roller o in a slot through theupper and lower plates of the box c, the trimming of the knots isregulated. A small roller may be .used instead of the after rest d, butfor small and crooked stock the rest should bear `on the stock as nearthe cutter-head B as possible.

AA less satisfactory modification ofthis device consists in dispensingwiththe forward rest entirely and fastening the rest d rigidly to .theframe b. A handle, f, Fig.12, enables the. operator to control theaction of the head on enteringa splint.

From the knotter the splints pass in front of the rest g, and betweenthe guide-roller h, Fig. 1, and the cutter-head C, by which. it isroughed or cored on a lille parallel with the bark. The Loring-head C iscarried. by the horizontal shaft i, Fig. 1, and is driven from the shaftE by the belt Gr. The shaft@ has end play through its boxes, and isconnected with the guide-roll h on the barksideof the splint by asliding frame consistingy of the upper and lower rods j and l andcross-bars m and n at each side of the machine. The cross-bar a, at theback side of the machine, is connected with the shaft i by the box o,and the cross-bar m is bolted to a frame, k,

which slides in suitable guides on the top plate of the machine, andsupports the guideroller h. A standard, I, Fig. l, supports the rods jand l at the back of the machine, and a spring, p, draws the slidingframe, guideroller Il, and head C toward the back side of the machine. Asplint passing the rest g enters between the guide-roller h and thecutter head C, and is by it reduced to parallelism, the roller h, drawnagainst the bark by the spring p, following all its curves, andcompelling the head C to cut always at the same distance from the bark.The shaft fi plays to andfro through the belt G, allowing the head C, under the control of the guide-roller It, which follows the curves of thebark, to adjust itself to the shape of the stock passing by it. Theslide 7c projects under the path of the splint between the roller h andthe head G, conforming as closely as possible to the shape of theknives, and supporting the splint under their cutting action.

lf the knotter is set so as to cut the knots down to within one-fourthof an inch of the bark, each knot so left is represented by acorresponding gouge opposite it on the flat side of the cored splint,and in this case the cored splint must be at least a quarter-inchheavier than the finished hoop in order to admit of the removal ofsuiiicient wood by the finisher D to shave ont the gouges.

The rest q consists of a bar of steel bolted Y to the slide 1c, andreachingY under the splint and turning up inside the head C, so as tobear upon the shaved side of the splint immediately behind thecutting-point of the knives. It is made adjustable parallel to theshaft/i in any convenient manner. It is especially useful in preventinga heavy butt-end, crooked, as they frequently are, from springing intoor being pulled into the knives after it has passed the rest g, and italso assists in compelling the head to follow curves.

In order to prevent too milch resistance to the feed when this interiorrest is used, it is necessary to construct the roller h so that it can,in certain cases, yield back over a knot. This is done, as shown in Fig.6, by supporting the roller h in an inner frame, r, which slides 'to andfrom the head C in the outer frame k. A spring, t, is interposed betweenthe inner and outer frame sufficiently strong to hold h up to its work,and to controll the spring p without yielding; but when a knot comesagainst the roll h, the splint bearing on the rest g and the rest q,inside the head, the spring tis compelled to yield back and allow theroll h to pass over the knot, but immediately thereafter closes the rollh up to its proper position. By means of the threaded rod u, Fig. 6, thedistance between the roll h and the head C, and consequently thethickness of the cored splint, may be varied. The box o is adjustablyconnected with the crossbar n by a yoked arm, e, Figs. 1 and 4, which isfitted into a boss on the bar n. By this means the wear of the shaft zin its boxes is prevented from binding the sliding rods. The feed-trainy y, Fig. 2, is driven from the coringshaft 'i by means of the belt J,conepulley K, which runs loose on the outer end of the shaft E, belt L,and pulley M, the shaft of which carries a pinion which meshes into thebevelgear 9, Fig. 2. By this means the feed is pro portioned to thespeed of the coring-head C. The rest g in front of the head C is soarranged that it may be moved backward and forward across the line offeed on suitable guides provided for it on the top plate of the machine.For light and crooked stock the rest g should be secured in a positionslightly in front of the highest cutting-point of the knives, in orderto prevent a sharp curve, concave on the bark side, from running in onthe knife; but for heavy work, in which the curves are' usually lessacute, the rest may be set a half inch or more back of the knives,thereby materially relieving the friction of the splints on it. Thesplint, now cored parallel with the bark, and with gouges on the flatside correspending more or less closely with the knots,

passes through the feed-rollers 5 and 6, and is presented to thefinishing cutter D, by which it is reduced to gage thickness. The head Dis carried by a shaft which runs in boxes on a suitablesupporting-frame, Q, and is driven from the shaft E by the belt 1t. Thesplint is supported, during the action of the finishingcutter, by restsS and T on the cored side, placed immediately before and after the head.The head projects beyond the forward rest S the amount of the desiredfinishing cut, and both rests approach the head as near as possible,Fig. 5. The splint is pressed against the head D and its rests by theroller U, which is carried by an arm swinging about the stud V, and heldup toits work by the spring W. This roller straightens out the coredsplint as it passes by the head, keeping its inner surface in contactwith the rests, and yields back over the knots.

In order to keep the increased pressure caused by the compression of thespring W by a knot from springing the splint into the head D, the rollerU is placed opposite the forward part of the after-rest T. The piecewhich supports the stud V is made adjustable lengthwise of the machine.The spring W is made adjustable in tension, as the cutter D is found todrive the stock away from it with more force when dull than when freshlysharpened. The shaft carrying the head D may be set at right angles withthe horizontal line of feed, but is preferably' inclined at an angle offrom five to fifteen degrees with this line, and the oblique cuttingconsequent therefrom is further increased by making the cuttingedges atan angle with the axis of revolution. This is not essential, but-assiststo prevent clogging by giving the chips a tendency to drive downward outof the throats. In case a solid cutter be used it is necessary to adjustthe shaft forward as the cutter is worn back by grinding. This is doneby means of the y lslides,14,-Lin` `whichth" l of;.tl1e'frame- Qmay sarythat the forward rest Ssh hithelin'efoiyfe l b nrfrontof thezcuttena oivat an aangler .fsnliuwllbu y @g 1g., ,anjdfth'es'pl d@ orunin ontlt'ljtheproll- U, u c (Se of a corerfgouge `1 gj oir the rest S"Q-forward"'edgeis'` bei remo'vedb he `h AD.`).`.'Ihe nis'hingfh'enoves'fe ugh,wood to` take out'the" goil'gnesfy atkthekotseauseii bythecoringheamand shaves Ahooplstrai'ggmt,-

\ v or nearly so,'o'pposite the kn timefitreinovesvother `irregu ritlesinsepara- V ,under the pressu i where-the aft'e ble fromaheavysingle'cut.

lt is necessaryoh'isoinekind "stock to make the hoops thinnergtoward thelarge- .ex,v thereby compensating fortheir increased sti ness resultingfrom their 4greater widtht that end. 'A mety tapering is shown ilutedroll placedafter the finishing l and driven bythe .hoop-itselfini-tswpassag'e through the machineb'lhe forwardfrest S lcan. yieldbackfonA suitable ways'lS; to v, give sitionfof therestS'w' hreferen'ce.topthe head D is controlled 1bya "is in its turn controlledby therollerXwith which it is so connected as toniake one revo lution while a`splintY goes through. the lma-` chine. A friction-roller*19, is 'nterp'osedlbetween the camY andthe-Tr held against Ithe cam by a spring. 0nfeeding asplint through] thelmachinel the. rollerX is set in motion .bylthe splint, and by means of suitably-proportioned gearing .or abelta'nd pulleys, 16` and 17', Fig. 1, rotates' the` cam Y, which allows therest Sto yield ybackgrml ually as the4 splint passes through,v and,consequently, the head D to 'remove au increasedV amount of woodi'romits interior surface', The cam `crnltinuesf ateafterthe `hoop'passes thehead D, i l` its `en'd reachestherollerX, and duringthisxtime' t est Sis returned to itsposition'by; n the carmpreparal toryvto 'repeating th:ope :on` t opte y ength e shapeo'f thecamY,

anydesired va ely Lanting, either wir revolution, so' as How/.therefst'S to,recede f Lwhile the las or' twelve inches of the hoopis-passing vt e, cutter D; `ln lapping, it; is

necessary to preven an outward-bent buttend from crowding awayfrom 1 thehead1` -D after it` has left the rollsfand, by4 a-press- Hurerollshowngin dotted lines 20,1]3ig.v 1.

would fail gto. supporti` thev Anth@ saine l tlieiinishing-headanjincreasedfcutzz; ',The po aperingean Albe.` "done,` Awithouttapering, may be done by agcan'l"ci J.t,1awayat` the end ofvitsfrThiswroll is prevented'from bearin'gon the 'hoop continuously by abar,2l; projecting forward from the rest Slagainst they'supporting--jarinofthe roller 20. When tHrest S goes back -t'o allow a lapl to'beeut-rtlielroller 20 is Wallowed` to bear on the hoop,fflnlmachines notintended to taper o-r lap therest S is attachedV to a suitablesupporting-plate bolted v `to the 'top plate H. A'rotary 1', supportedon averticalr'sh .from the 'shaft E, is used .on\somefkinds ofstock-birch, for instance-' to fcleantheboo'k.

' `When placed between thenisli'erlhead-D and the last pair offeed-rolls, a guardiplate-keeps the brushings out of the cutterD`.1blll1`e brush may revolve either in stationary or movable bearings. Inthe latter .caseit mustbe'held np toits work by a spring/'plfthev brushbe not used its place is suppliedbyapressureroll, which keeps the hoopallirthetime inconftact with the roller X.- The""hoop; is disrollers-7and 8. It is erimpedffor rendered more pliable by theadjustable@crimping- .roller l5.

In'` order to enable the machineto handle splints of differentcross-sections, thegrooved ffeeds-:rollers shown in Fig. 3 arefjuised.The

feed-rollers on the split side of the stock before thecoring-headconsist oi' :anfpper and g, and is presented to the corel'f Gso 1as to be shaved on the proper' line. Once entered beyond theinterior rest g, it is by itfprevented from' being twisted-over bythecorin'g-lh'ead.

for the smallest angular splint designed to be `shaved by the machine,and itis' enlarged by the separation of the two sec'tionsfo'r largerstock. One of the sctions of the roller, 3,

'may be fixed rigidly to the shaft,but` vertical curves are bestaccomnnodatedV by allowing vboth sections to play up and down.; rlhehead D should be placed a shortl 'distance infront offthe line joiningthe facesff'the third j a'hdvfourth pairs of feed-rolls.. .Bythis meansthecored splint is caused to bend backward kabout the rests S and T.,andthe contact of sured.

1. The combination of the movable coring- Vhead C, controlled from the lbarkl` side `of the `hoop by the roller lr, with the `iini'shing-headlmovable eoring-head C, controlledvfrom the bark side by the roller h,with the nishing- Theangular groove between the upper and low. `ersections of the roll 3 is madesniallenough head D, rests 'l and S, andpressure-roller U,

l operating substantially as and for the purpressure-roll U, the movablerestS and the cam Y, operating substantially asand for the purposes setforth.

6. The corer-head G and.`riishinghead D, in oombination with therotarybrush b.

7. [n combination withthehead 0,0011` trolled from the bark siile-byt-heelastic roller l1, frame j, the adjustable arm EV, and box o,

operating substantially aslandfor the pur-' poses set forth. .n GEoLB.sELDEN.

lWitnesses: l

M. H. Barons, H. S. WARD.

